Ocean Energy as an Alternative Source of Power

Ocean Energy as an Alternative Source of Power 

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) was first conceptualized by Jacques D'Arsonval, a notable French engineer, in the year 1881. At present, the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii is the sole location hosting an operational experimental OTEC plant worldwide. OTEC, or Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion, holds immense potential as an alternative energy source that requires increased funding and exploration to fully harness its benefits. The main challenge hindering widespread and practical implementation of OTEC is its high cost. Lowering the costs of OTEC is a challenge due to the current processes employed in its operation. Ocean thermal energy is an environmentally friendly source of power that does not emit pollutants into the atmosphere. However, the current setup of OTEC plants with our existing technologies may have the potential to disrupt and cause harm to the local environment.  

There are three types of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC).  

The "Closed Cycle OTEC" system utilizes a low-boiling point liquid, like propane, as an intermediary fluid. The OTEC plant utilizes warm sea water to power the reaction chamber and generate steam by boiling the intermediate fluid. The generation of electricity is achieved as the vapor from the intermediate fluid exerts pressure on the engine's turbine.  The vapor is cooled by utilizing cold sea water.  

The Open Cycle OTEC method is similar to closed cycling, with the main distinction being the absence of an intermediate fluid in the Open Cycle. In this OTEC format, the turbine engine is powered by the sea water itself. The process of converting warm surface ocean water into low-pressure vapor occurs through the application of a vacuum. The focused release of low-pressure vapor generates sufficient power to drive the turbine. In order to produce desalinated water suitable for human consumption, the vapor is cooled using the colder waters from the deeper ocean, following the generation of sufficient electricity.  

The concept of "Hybrid Cycle OTEC" is currently in the theoretical stage. This article explores strategies for maximizing the utilization of thermal energy from ocean waters. The theory of Hybrid Cycling encompasses two sub-theories. One method for generating electricity is by utilizing a closed cycling system. The electricity generated is utilized to establish the necessary vacuum environment for open cycling. The integration of two open cyclings is the second component, resulting in the creation of twice the amount of desalinated, potable water compared to a single open cycle. 

A closed cycle OTEC plant has the potential to serve as both an electricity generation facility and a chemical treatment solution. OTEC plants, including both open cycling and close cycling types, can also serve as a valuable resource for pumping cold deep sea water. This water can be utilized for various purposes such as refrigeration and air conditioning. Additionally, while the plant is being surrounded by sea water during the moderation period, the enclosed area presents an opportunity for mariculture and aquaculture initiatives, such as fish farming. There are numerous products and services that can be obtained from this alternative energy source. 

 Exploring the Potential of Alternative Energy in Ireland 

The Irish are actively working towards achieving energy independence and strengthening their economy by investing in research and development for alternative energy sources. As of now, Ireland relies on imports to meet almost 90% of its energy needs, marking the highest level of foreign product dependence in the country's history.  The importance of developing alternative energy sources in Ireland is highly recognized due to the precarious nature of the situation. Ireland is committed to preserving and revitalizing its stunning natural environment while promoting cleaner air by adopting alternative energy sources. The European Union has implemented a requirement for all member nations to reduce their emissions of sulphuric and nitric oxide. The use of green energy is essential for achieving these objectives. Hydroelectric power has been successfully implemented in certain regions of Ireland since the 1930s. However, there is a need for further installation and expansion to fully harness its potential.  Ireland should prioritize tapping into the abundant wave power of the Atlantic Ocean, particularly along its west coast, as a valuable energy source for the country. 

Ireland has the potential to transition into an energy-exporting nation, reducing its heavy reliance on energy imports. Ireland possesses significant alternative energy potentials, including wind, ocean wave, and biomass production, which contribute to its abundant energy resources. Ireland has the potential to emerge as a leading provider of ocean wave-generated electricity and biomass-powered energy to continental Europe, presenting a lucrative opportunity for the country. 

Currently, Ireland is highly committed to achieving the goal of generating 15% of the country's electricity from wind farms. This objective has been set by the government and is expected to be accomplished by 2010. Universities, research institutes, and government personnel in Ireland have expressed that the advancement of ocean wave energy technology has the potential to significantly boost the nation's economy and contribute to achieving energy independence. An Spideal in County Galway Bay, Ireland, is now home to a newly established test site for the development of wave ocean energy, located just under two miles off the coast.  The site, Wavebob, is renowned for its innovative approach to harnessing ocean waves. According to Dr. Peter Heffernan, CEO of Ireland's 

Marine Institute, the West coast of Ireland is home to the most vibrant waves in the world. The emerging technology for harnessing ocean power presents a significant opportunity for Ireland to establish itself as a leading market player in this sector. David Taylor, CEO of the Sustainable Energy Initiative (SEI), emphasizes SEI's dedication to driving innovation within the renewable energy industry. Wave energy is a highly promising and innovative renewable energy resource that has the potential to greatly contribute to Ireland's electricity generation mix. By harnessing the power of waves, this sustainable energy source can further decrease our dependence on fossil fuels, leading to a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future.  

According to Padraig Walshe, the president of the Irish Farmers Association, the closure of the sugar beet industry in Ireland will result in a greater availability of land resources for various purposes, such as bioenergy production. Currently, renewable energy sources account for a mere 2% of Ireland's overall energy consumption. From an agricultural standpoint, the cultivation of energy crops will only be sustainable if they offer a favorable return on investment and labor, and if this potential return remains stable over time. The current return on energy crops is minimal, which is impeding the growth of the industry. Ireland should prioritize further research on biomass energies.